Ventilation Requirements and Infiltration
ASHRAE Technical Committee 4.3

Scope of TC 4.3

TC 4.3 is concerned with ventilation requirements and the analysis of infiltration, airflow around buildings, exhaust, and the re-entry of exhaust, including their integration interactions with indoor air quality and energy calculations for buildings and HVAC system design and operation performance and energy consumption.

Handbook

The ASHRAE Handbook is published via a series of four volumes, one of which is revised each year ensuring that no volume is older than four years.  The Handbook can be purchased at the ASHRAE Bookstore by clicking on this link.  TC 4.3’s chapters in the Handbook are:

Fundamentals Volume: Ventilation & Infiltration Chapter
This chapter addresses commercial and institutional buildings, where ventilation concerns usually dominate (though infiltration should not be ignored), and single- and multifamily residences, where infiltration and exhaust have always been considered most important but intentional ventilation has received increased attention in recent years. Basic concepts and terminology are presented in the chapter before more advanced analytical and design techniques are given. Ventilation of industrial buildings is covered in Chapter 32 of the 2019 ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Applications. However, many of the fundamental ideas and terminology covered in this chapter can also be applied to industrial buildings.

Fundamentals Volume: Airflow Around Buildings Chapter
This chapter provides basic information for evaluating wind-flow patterns, estimating wind pressures, and identifying problems caused by the effects of wind on intakes, exhausts, and equipment. In most cases, detailed solutions are addressed in other chapters of the HVAC Applications and HVAC Systems and Equipment volumes.

The ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals volume may be purchased from the on-line bookstore by clicking on the highlighted text.

HVAC Applications VolumeBuilding Air Intake and Exhaust Design Chapter
Mechanically-introduced outside air usually enters a building through its air intakes. Likewise, building exhausts remove air contaminants from a building so wind can dilute the emissions. If the intake or exhaust system is not well designed, contaminants from nearby outside sources (e.g., vehicle exhaust, emergency generator, laboratory fume hoods on nearby buildings) or from the building itself (e.g., laboratory fume hood exhaust) can enter the building with insufficient dilution. Poorly diluted contaminants may cause odors, health effects, and otherwise reduced indoor air quality. This chapter discusses proper design of exhaust stacks and placement of air intakes to reduce indoor air quality concerns.

The ASHRAE Handbook -- HVAC Applications volume may be purchased from the on-line bookstore by clicking on the highlighted text.

Comment on the Handbook: ASHRAE welcomes your comments on the Handbook or a specific Handbook chapter.  To submit a comment about any aspect or part of the Handbook series, you can use the Handbook Comment Form.

Review a Handbook Chapter:To provide your feedback about a specific Handbook chapter, you can answer the brief survey questions on the Handbook Chapter Review Form.  Those with expertise and interest in TC 4.3’s scope of topics are encouraged to attend the TC’s meetings and to participate directly in the revision of its chapters, research, and meetings’ programs.

Programs

Technical committees develop and sponsor technical sessions at the winter and annual conferences. Information about their future technical program is discussed at each TC meeting and at the TC’s Program Subcommittee meeting

ASHRAE publishes papers and transactions from presentations at its conference events. In addition, ASHRAE records most of the seminar sessions from its conferences on DVD. These DVDs are ideal for use at chapter meetings, in university courses, or company lunch and learns. Products available from the most recent conference may be found here.

 

Research

Technical Committees are responsible for identifying research topics, proposing research projects, selecting bidders, and monitoring research projects funded by ASHRAE. Information about their specific research program is discussed at each TC meeting and at the TC’s Research Subcommittee meeting.

This TC has the following Research projects in progress:

1450-RP: TRANSPORT OF CONTAMINANTS FROM GARAGE ATTACHED OR INTEGRAL TO LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
SSPC 62.2, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings. Co-sponsored by:
TC 4.3, Ventilation Requirements & Infiltration
The results from this project will help ASHRAE members (including HVAC designers, IAQ consultants, researchers and other professionals) to better design low-rise residential buildings to improve occupant comfort, health and safety.  The results will be particularly useful to SSPC62.2 and Guideline 24 consideration of ventilation requirements for attached garages.

1635-RP:  SIMPLIFIED PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATING EXHAUST/INTAKE SEPARATION DISTANCES
The primary objective of this RP is to provide a simple procedure for calculating the minimum distance required between the outlet of an exhaust system and the outdoor air intake to a ventilation system.  The procedure shall be developed from existing and new research.

Standards

 ASHRAE writes standards for the purpose of establishing consensus for: 1) methods of test for use in commerce and 2) performance criteria for use as facilitators with which to guide the industry. ASHRAE publishes the following three types of voluntary consensus standards: Method of Measurement or Test (MOT), Standard Design and Standard Practice. ASHRAE does not write rating standards unless a suitable rating standard will not otherwise be available. ASHRAE is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and follows ANSI's requirements for due process and standards development. Standards may be purchased at the ASHRAE Bookstore.

ASHRAE Guideline 24: Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality In Low-Rise Residential Buildings
ASHRAE Guideline 28: Air Quality Within Commercial Aircraft
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2: Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings

This TC is Cocognizant for the following standards:
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 161: Air Quality Within Commercial Aircraft
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 193: Method of Test for Determining the Airtightness of HVAC Equipment

Other Activities

TIP: If MTG involvement add here otherwise leave blank.

MTG.ISPAQE: Indoor Swimming Pool Air Quality and Evaporation
This MTG will coordinate  the research project which will assess/identify the factors affecting air quality problems at indoor swimming pools including: air handling/ air distribution system design and operation; water quality/water chemistry;  pool water treatment operation and maintenance; pool types( flat water, agitated water, hot water); bather load; and evaporation rates of indoor pools to recommend changes to the ASHRAE 62.1 ventilation rate and update the evaporation formula in the HVAC Applications ASHRAE Handbook.

FAQs

ASHRAE Technical FAQs are provided as a service to ASHRAE members, users of ASHRAE publications, and the general public. While every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy and reliability, they are advisory and provided for informational purposes only, and in many cases represent only one person’s view. They are not intended and should not be relied on as an official statement of ASHRAE. Technical questions not addressed may be submitted to the ASHRAE Technical Services department at tse@ashrae.net.

What is the current ASHRAE ventilation standard? (1)
How much ventilation is required by code for my application? (8)
How many air changes are recommended for my application? (9)
How much ventilation is required for my industrial ventilation application? (10)
What is the recommended humidity level for occupied spaces? (12)
I don't know which listing to use in Standard 62.1's Minimum Outside Air Ventilation Rate Table for a space in the building that I am designing. Can ASHRAE tell me which listing to use? (27)
How can I tell if my building is a 'sick building'? (29)
What is the allowable level of carbon monoxide in an occupied space? (34)
What is the allowable level of carbon dioxide in an occupied space? (35)
What are the allowable levels of contaminants in the air in an occupied space? (36)
Who enforces the requirements for acceptable levels of contaminants in air in commercial buildings? (37)
What new recommendations regarding indoor air quality is ASHRAE presently developing? (44)
What research is ASHRAE conducting regarding indoor air quality? (45)